Turbine-motor.



PATENTED MAR. 10, 1908.

A. JUDE. TURBINE MOTOR. APPLIOATIONQPILED AUG. 14, 1906.

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"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER JUUE, l" BIRMINGHAM. l lNflllANl), ASSIGNUH 'lf) HIILLISS &MORCUM f.l'.\ll'llIl), ()l" lilltMlNfil-lAM, ENGLAND.

TURBINE-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 10, 1908.

Application filed August 14, 1906. Serial No. 330,585.

To all whom it 1n cg concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER- Jumc, subject of the King of GreatBritain, residing at Ledsam Street Works, Birmingham, in the 5 county ofWarwick, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

In turbine motors, especially those which operate with expansiblefluids, a plurality of vanes which are relatively keen edged and easilydeformable, formed on or secured to a rotor, are required to moverapidly ast other readily deformable edges of guide lilades secured tothe stator, the operating fluid being required, as completely aspossible, to flow from between the guide blades of one to enter 5between the vanes of the other.

To avold injury it is requisite to prevent contact between the adjacentportions of the i rotor and stator and to allow for wear of i shaft andbearings and relative displacement due to other causes, a clearancespace between the two sets of thin edged plates is essential whereby aportion of the mobile expansible fluid has an opportunity of evadingduty by flowing from the place of high pressure to that of low pressurealong a passage provided by the clearance s ace instead of passingbetween the guide b ades and vanes and yielding energy thereto.

Now this invention relates to a method whereby the loss normally due tosuch leakage of fluid may be lessened, and to the means whereby theconsequent saving may be effected, by providing in the clearance space af set or sets of auxiliary or secondary vanes between which the leakingfluid will be directed to flow and perform useful service.

tivezexamples, show cumstances, the utilization of leakage fluid fordoing work as above indicated can be effected in accordance with thisinvention.

elevation showing a guide blade of the stator The accom panyingd rawings, as re present-ahow, under various clr- I U and derlves a whirlsimilar In these drawings :-Figure 1 is a sectional and a vane of therotor with means for operating on the fluid which traverses theclearance space. Fig. 2 is a developed circumferential section of Fig.1, the upper portion being taken along the line marked 2-2 and the lowerortion along the line marked 22 in Fig. 1. The left-hand portion showsby dotted lines parts above-the I )lane of section. Fig. 3 shows insectional e evasection in Fig. 2.

tion a modified arrangement of the device. Fig. 2; shows at alternativeto a portion of Figrii. Fig. 4 is a developed circumferential section ofFig. 3 of which the left-hand upper portion is a section through 4---4and the Icr, maindcr a section throughf-4 of Fig.3.

In Figs. 1 & 2, A represents a portion of the stator and B a portion ofthe rotor. To A is secured a number of guide blades (1., shown in Theprimary portions of 3.3 these guide blades are bounded by a shroudingstrip 11. which is notched at each of its edges to permit of its beingpenetrated by projecting portions (Hand 0'' of the guide blades a. Theportions/l." arc riveted, and the edges of the portions (1' after beingsharpened are bent into the form and position shown in Fig. 2: In thisway the shrouding strip a is secured to all the guide blades.

'lhc portions a which extend beyond the shrouding strip constitute thesecondary guide blades previously referred to. To concentrate on thesesecondary blades the fluid which normally would leak between theshroud-ing a and the portion of the rotor adjacent thereto, a strip 1)"is secured to the rotor and forms a sort of overflow weir for theescaping fluid.

A thin edge for the strip I)" is advantageous because it will be lessable to do damage to the guide blades in the event of contact, and alsobecause it will offer less frictional resist-ance to the overllowof thefluid than if it were wider. By this invention the energy of theoverflow fluid is utilized so that the reasons for obstructing theescape of the fluid by frictional resistance disappear more or lessentirely.

The sheet of fluid which escapes between the shrouding (I. and the edgeof the strip b" 9:. impinges on the secondary guide. blades a to thatgiven to the main stream of fluid by the primary guide blades (1. Thetangential momentum thus imparted to the leaking fluid is utilized U indriving the rotor when it presently joins the main stream and impingeson and flows between the vanes b. In a somewhat similar manner the fluidtending to leak between the shrouding If of the primary vanes I) and theW5 portion of the stator adjacent thereto, which fluid has, on itspassage between the guide blades (1, been endowed with angular momentum,is, by means of a second overflow weir a, concentrated on to secondaryvanes 11) I) carried by the rotor, the action thereon being like that ofthe main stream on the pri-' mary vanes I), with the result that theenergy of the escaping fluid which would otherwise the least shock.

be, dissipated, is caused to do useful work in urging the rotor.

The method of construction of the secondary vanes b? differs from thatadopted in the provision of the secondary guide blades,

a. They are formed by cutting diagonal slotways in a shrouding strip I)of suitable profile, as shown in the upper right-hand portion of Fig.2-, and subsequently suitably bending the leading edges of the vanesthus produced, to'receive the whirling fluid with secondary guide blademethod of construe tion be employed for the secondary vanes.

Figs. 3, 3 and 4 represent an alternative construction of secondaryvanes. According to this a groove is turned in the boss of the.

rotor G into which a ring c, formed in segnients, is secured. This ringis cut obliquely, to a suitable depth, forming fins c, the leading edgesof which are bentas shown in the left-hand upper portion of Fig. 4. Thestator D is formed with a thin edged inwardly projecting rim (1" whichapproaches the boss of the rotor very closely.

' adjoining portion of the rotor, a sheet of fluid will flow and thiswill be intercepted by the secondary vanes c, which vanes will be urgedin the forward direction, and the effort of the main stream on theprimary vanes will be supplemented thereby.

Fig. 3 shows a modification in which a ring 0 is formed on the rotor toapproach the edge of (1 and cause the sheet of fluid to be delivered atabout the center of the depth of the The shroudin stri is se-" Throughthe annularspace between the edge of d and the secondary vanes. Amodification similar to this could be applied to thc constructions inFigs. 1 a 2.

I. claim:

1. Means for utilizing the energy of fluid which tends to leak betweenthe rotor and stator of a turbine, consisting of secondary guide bladeswhich a re interposed in the clearance spaces between the operativesurfaces of the rotor and stator, to operate on the escaping lluid.

2. cans for utilizing the energy of fluid which tends to leak betweenthe rotor and stator of a turbine, consisting of 'sccondary vanes whichare interposed in the clearance spaces between the operative surfaces ofthe rotor and stator, to beopcratcd on by the escaping lluid.

3. Means for utilizing the energy of a. lluid which tends to leakbetween the rotor and stator of a turbine, consisting of secondary guideblades and vanes which are interposed in the clearance spaces betweenthe operative surfaces of the rotor and stator, to operate on and beoperated on rcspectively by the escaping fluid.

4. In a turbine comprising a rotor and a stator, secondary guide bladesinterposed in the clearance spacesbetween the operative surfaces of therotor and stator, and means for directing escaping fluid on to suchsecond ary guide blades.

5. In a turbine comprising a rotor and a stator, secondary vanesinterposed in the clearance spaces between the operative surfaces of therotor and stator, and means for directing escaping lluid on to suchsecondary vanes.

6. In a turbine comprising a rotor and a stator, secondary guide bladesand vanes interposed in the clearance spaces between the operativesurfaces of the rotor and stator, and means for directing escaping fluidon to such secondary guide blades and vanes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER JUDE.

Witnesses ERNEST IIARKEY, REGINALD K. MoRcoM.

